Liquid-fuel burner



June 15 1926. 1,589,052

' l.. A. ,cocKLlN LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed nec. 11, 1925 'Inl 1.6m',ningen.; H BJ-vf l Patented .lune 15, 1926..`

xPATENT OFFICE.

LEWIS A. COCKLIN, OF GRISWOLD, IOWA.'

LIQUID-FUEL BURNER.

Application med December 11, 1925 Serial No. 74,709.

' This invention relates to that class of liquid fuel burners consistingof an annular chamber for containing the fuel to be burned,` a draftaperture centrally of the chamber for directing air upwardlytherethrough and a cap for spreading the flame The present invention hasfor one of its objects to provide means for breaking up and causing anundulating or rolling movement of the generated gases while they aremoving radially from the chamber to cause a more complete combustion.Another object is to provide a metallic annular plate or flangeoutwardly of the cap and outwardly of the chamber and to be an integral.part of the outer wall of the chamber as an aid in generating andcontrolling the movements of gas, said annular flange to be providedwith a series of annular depressions, each outer depression beingdisposed in a plane somewhat higher than the next inner depression, theupright walls of the depressions to operate as detents or buffers forthe control mentioned, said ange and outer wall to have an adequatethickness for retaining and communicating heat to the contents of thechamber as an aid in generating gas. other object is to provide anannular support and a removable, `asbestos wick in the chamber to causea uniform distribution of the liquid fuel and uniform combustion. Otherobjects of the invention will be mentioned hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawing, Fig, 1 is a sectional view of the burner online 1-1 of Fig. 5. Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 5 are detail views on a reducedscale. Fig. 2 is a plan view of a metallic holder for an asbestos wick.Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view of the spreader-cap. Fig. 4 is a side viewof the wick holder and wick contained therein. Fig. 5 is a plan view ofthe liquid fuel burner. l

Referring now to thev drawing in which like characters indicate likeparts, the invention includes a receptacle 6 having an annular chamber 7or retort element open at its top, its inner wall 8 providing a flue 9,upon the top of said innerl wall being removable seated aspreader-caplO.

Numeral 11 indicates a collar which is disposed in the flue 9 and .isconnected with.

the bottom of the receptacle to provide a conduit 12, having a dischargepipe 13.

Numeral 14 indicates a supply pipe for the chamber 7, and in order thatliquid fuel may be delivered uniformly to the upper part of'the chamberI provide the annular, asbestoswick 15 supported upon the annular proplor distributing-ring 16. Asbestos is used for the wick since it willnot become injured by action of heat, and is preferably secured betweentwo annular, metallic walls a. and b by means of suitable keepers c,parts a? of the wickV projecting somewhat above and below the ends ofsaid walls; and the annular container 17 thus provided for the wick maybe readily de osited in or removed from th'e chamber the latterpreferably having a greater area-at its top than at the bottom. And whena suilicient quantity of liquid fuel enters the chamber 7 to cause it tobecome filled t0 the top of the head e of the ring 16, it will moveupwardly by capillary attraction to the top of the wick in the recess fwhich is formed between the top of the wick and upper end of the chamber7.

Numeral 18 indicates an annular flange which projects outwardly from theouterwall 19 of the chamber 7, said flange, as well as wall 19, having asuiiicient thickness to permit heat to be communicated to and to beretained in the chamber 7 to advantage for facilitating the generationof gas, said` chamber operating as a circular retort, during operation,for communicating an intense heat to its contents for this purpose.

Numerals 2O and 21 indicate annular depressions or grooves formed in thetop of the flange 18, each having an upright wall The bottom of the cap10 is provided with radially disposed wings 22 each having a partdisposedv in the iue and a part adapted to overhang the chamber 7, ythethickness of each -wing being gradually increased outwardly from themiddle of the l cap as best shown in Fig. 3; and the thickness of eachwing is increased upwardly from its sharp, lower edge L to the body ofthe cap, each wing also having a terminal part k projecting beyond theperiphery of the cap. q

As described, constrictedpassageways Im are formed between thebody ofthecap and the top of the wall 8, the edge of the cap 10 being disposedoutwardly of said wall, and on account of the construction as deloo Inoperation, air will move outwardly from the constricted passagewaysm-and will become mixed with the gases. However, in some instances thedraft may be so strong that the gases or a certain proportion thereofmight be lost, and therefore the inclined flange 18 and its depressionsoperate to advantage. The gases while moving outwardly will be deflectedand broken up by the walls g as well as by the annular wall n of therecess f, said walls operating as detents or obstructions to saidmovements, and tlereby combustion will be practically comp ete. 2

It `will be noted that the flange 18 is inclined upwardly and outwardlyfrom the f wall 19 and therefore the outer depression 2l is disposed ina plane somewhat abovethe plane of the de ression 20, so that thesewalls will partly o struct the line of movement of the hydrocarbonmixture, this con struction being obviously a feature of advantage.

Also it will be seen that the wall 8 for the chamber 7 has a lesserheight than the flange 18, and therefore any overflow of liquid fuelfrom said chamber which might be occasioned by accident or otherwisewill move downwardly along the inner side of the wall 8 into the conduit12 and will be conducted from the burner by the pipe A13, as a safety imeasure.

The 'considerable degree of thickness of the wings at their ends providea protected location or housing for the maintenance of pilot lights, andin operation, if the supply of liquid fuel to the chamber 7 isterminated by use of the valve 23 and when the generation of gas, onthis account ceases, ignited as will be retained at the ends of thewings l' or a considerable period of time thereafter,

this obviously being a matter of convenience.

While I have shown a container 17 for a sbestes and prefer its use, thiscontainer may be dispensed with, and in practice the asbestes ma beplaced to fill that part of the chamberV between the head e of thedistributing ring and the.recess f. g Also whileasbestos is preferred Imay use other kinds --lue and which occupies, comparatively, a

large area, tomove freely to the constricted passageways -m while movingtoward the generated gases..

While I have shown onl two depressions 20 and 21 for the inclined ange18, I do not wish to be limited to the exact number of depressions. AlsoI do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the depressions andtheir walls g'; and the inclined flange may be provided with any kind ofdetent memberstending to obstruct, or deiect or break up the outwardlymoving gases to facilitate combustion and prevent waste of as. v f g Itwill be noted, as shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings, that the curvature ofthe concaved walls w of the spreader-cap extends outwardly' of the innerwall 8 of the annular chamber 7, the degree of curvature of these wallsbeing practicall uniform to their terminals t, said terminals beingdisposed above the retort or chamber 7, the result in operation beingthat air, while moving .upwardly through the flue will be directeddownwardly toward the top of thewick to cause a more thorough mixture ofair with the generated gases, and thereby tending to cause a morecomplete combustion.

While I have shown a conduit l2 as yan integral part of the receptacleIdo not wish to limit myself in this respect, and it is obvious thatoperationwould' be the same if the conduit were attached to or carriedby the'V receptacle in such a manner that any overflow of liquid fuelmoving downwardly in the flue would be received and conducted from theburner.

I claim asmy invention 1. In a liquid fuel burner, an upright, annularchamber having its outer wall provided With an annular flange projectingoutwardly from its upper end, a distributingring in the chamber, anasbestos wick on said ring, a supply pipe communicating with thechamber, a spreader-cap on the inner wall of the chamber inwardly of theflange, said flange being provided at intervals radially thereof with aseries of annular depressions, each outer depression being disposed in aplane above an inner depression.

2. In a liquid fuel burner, an upright, annular chamber open at its topand having its inner wall provided with a conduit, its outer wall beingprovided with an annular outwardly projecting flange disposed in a planeabove the top of Isaid inner wall, a dispensing-ring in the chamber, awick in the chamber above saidring, a supply pipe for the chamber, adischarge ipe for the conduit, and a spreader-cap disposed inwardly ofsaid flange on a wall of the chamber, said flange being provided with aseries of annular depressions disposed in spaced relation one of saiddepressions being disposed in a plane above another depression. 3. Aliquid fuel burner comprising an uprlght, annular chamber having itsouter wall provided with an annular flange projecting 1,590,053 l i aoutwardly from its upper end, a wick memvals-radially thereof with eseries'4 of annuler ber having annular walls withen -asbestosdepressiongione depression being disposed ller between said walls anddisposed in in a plane above another de r'essi'on. l0 said chamber, a.supply pipe communicating In testimony whereof, I a've aixed-'my 5 withsaid chamber a. vspreader ca on the signature. Y

inner wall of seid oxamber inwar y of said y ilange, said ange beingprovided at interi LEWIS A.

